Hi guys, is it okay to have 2 antivirus programs running at the same time on one computer? I now have the norton antivirus 2006 which I paid for one year's subscription but I suspect that it may not be that good in keeping all the viruses at bay. So, is it okay for me to download another one like avast or avg? Will it cause any problems for my system? Anybody has done that? Will appreciate your feedback.
[question posted by hopeful28]
responses and comments:
There may come some issues when u are usid several antivirus programs because one antivirus program may disturb other program. [Zinediin]
Yes it's true 2 antiviruses can disturb each other and as someone above said antiviruses take a lot of RAM so it will slowdown your computer. [HellDragon]
u r in usa i m in india if u call nortan helpline call will b diverted here so i worked for nortan b4.... jst make sure u run a virus scan on ur comp atleast one in 3 days....all will b fine... if u run two virus it will b prob becos other anti virus wont let nortan function nor will nortan let other one work.... n ur comp might get slow..... [Mazna123]
Just as an indication of how many TSR's get loaded after you have had Windows on your PC for a few years, disable them temporarily and see how Windows then flies!! Goto Run> type in msconfig > OK> open the StartUp tag> note how many TSR's are ticked (often all of them) and untick the lot> re-boot. Now you will see how Windows should run! OK, now you need to go back through msconfig and activate the TSR's again but try and be selective and avoid duplications. [smacksman]
its really not advisable to use multiple antivirus programs, if you feel that you're comoputer is slowing down then its probably due to your 2 antivirus. if you want more performance you can try to remove norton because AVG uses less "resources" than norton. but it still depends to you. BTW im using AVG and so far so good. [im2good4u]
Actually, I have not installed the AVG yet because I wanted to read through all your responses first before deciding what to do. Thank you. [hopeful28]
It is not recommended because it will cause a slow down on your system [boboy_501]
no you are not suppose to do this this willl create caous in the pc and i had been told not to do this thats why i told you... [195734687951235475]
Ok, I will take note of it. I will read all responses before deciding. [hopeful28]
not advisable to do this. I did this when I was starting to use computers and each anti-virus program detected the other anti-virus program as a serious threat specially when they start updating their virus database, the other anti-virus program will automatically tell you to delete it. Just stick to one, it's much more simple and faster. This is one issue where quantity doesn't count. [merkava]
Lol, even software programs are capable of being at odds with each other. The jealousy game huh. [hopeful28]
I think it will make your computer run slow if you had 2 antivirus running at the same time.my husband had 2 ant-viruses on his before but he took one of for some reason so now he only have 1 running. [coco526]
Hopeful you are better of getting rid of Norton as it is not good at all and the one that I use and have done for 2 years now is called Antivir, it is brilliant and a lot of my Friends use it to. All you do is type Antiir into your Browser and it will come up, it is free to. If you have Problems getting it let me know and I will send you the Link. [gabs8513]
Hey gabs, did you change your avator - before it didn't have a frame right? It's nice! Actually I still have about 7 months left of my subscription to go but I will appreciate your giving me the link so that I can use it when my norton expires. Thanks a million. Hugs! [hopeful28]
Most of the time you'll not be able to have two anti-virus software running, it shall make your system slower, and my personal opinion of Norton isn't too good. However, cause of your problem needn't be a virus only. The reason for your system being slower may also be due to low RAM, or fragmented files. Try de-fragmenting your system first, with your files being organised it will make it faster and delete old stuff, which isn't important to free up your comp's memory. Instead of installing another anti-virus you can have an online scan done by Trend micro, I've pasted the link to the site. Hope it helps. Lol http://www.trendmicro.com/hc_intro/default.asp [gbala9]
Thank you for the link. Will use it as soon as possible. I did defragment my disk twice last week. Maybe I will do again later. I suspect that it's my RAM - probably not enough memory space with all my games download. [hopeful28]
Oh I have never run two antivirus programs on one computer I only ever use one. I know what you mean that some antivirus programs do not pick up every virus that is sent out but hopefully someone else may be able to tell you but I would not do it on my computer. [kathy77]
From all the feedback I have read so far, it seems wise to just stick to one antivirus program. [hopeful28]
well there is no problem but it will slow down your computer unnecessarily!! i wud advise u to use avg!!n its nice n useful [cooltito]
I don't know. I have used Norton and AVG before. My kids have run both at the same time, but even with that it did not catch all that there was. I use PCSafetyPlus - it's a paid program that so far seems to catch it all (knock on wood). When I went to download that one it told me to delete ALL of the system and downloaded anti-virus programs I had as it would mess up it's security. I would think that if you pay for security that it would be enough -- maybe you should check out PCSafetyPlus - that's the only one I'm using for over a year now. It's connected live to some server somewhere and is always "on." [ShadyGrove]
Thanks for your suggestion. I will take down all your feedbacks and links before making a decision. This is my first time seeing PCSafetyPlus though. [hopeful28]
It does cause problems sometimes when you're running more than 1 antivirus system at the same time. One system may interfere with the other one, causing problems and compromising the safety of your computer. From what I seem to remember, Norton Antivirus is widely thought to be one of the best on the market, and I know it did the job when I lived with my ex. Right now, my partner and I use Macafee and we've never had any problems I think it comes down to personal preference, but it might be wise to wait until your year's subscription with Norton is up before you look into using a different one. [retardedrugrat]
Thank you for your suggestion. I will stick to norton until I can't stand it any more. Anyway, I believe it is not just the norton contributing to the slowness of my system, it probably has something to do with my RAM not having enough memory too. [hopeful28]
I think it is a bad step to set up two anti viruse in your system because it will make your system too slowly, and it may cause conflict in some aplication or programs, well , I advice you to use KASPERSKY, with the last updated . it is good antivirus prog. [ammar55555]
Sure, I will take note of all your suggestion. Kaspersky is new to me but I will check it out. Thanks! [hopeful28]
Honestly if you run two anti-virsu programs you are going to run into problems. In my opinion if your going to use one or the other I'd pick Avast. Just my opinion though. [PurpleTeddyBear]
Thank you for your opinion. It seems to be the general consensus - that running 2 antivirus program is not a good idea. [hopeful28]
This is not good at all, to enable the other to work effectively you will have to remove one of them. You will find that norton is one of the best on the market. Because you have a years subscription it will update automatically to recognise the newest threats. [Macthedj]
Actually the issue I am concerned about is not whether norton is good or not. I am okay with the program just that it causes my system to slow down terribly. [hopeful28]
the number one culprit for slow computers is a combination of Adaware, spyware and malware, all of which are essentially the same though certain programs can vary in degrees of severity. They are not considered viruses yet they can bring computers and Internet performance to a virtual standstill. These maladies can be easily remedied with a few free/safe software downloads. The first program I highly recommend is called Adaware by Lavasoft and it can be downloaded at: http://www.download.com/Ad-Aware-SE-Personal-Edition/3000-8022_4-10045910.html?part=dl-ad-aware&subj=dl&tag=top5 . Adaware supports Windows 98/Me/NT/2000/XP. Also download another spyware removal program called Spybot Search & Destroy. It can be downloaded at: http://www.spybot.info/ . Just select your country to get started. On the left you will see "Download". Select that and on the next page scroll down and select Spybot - Search & Destroy 1.4. If you are running something other than XP please go to: http://www.spybot.info/en/spybotsd/index.html and look up your particular operating system to see which download will best work with your computer. If you are running XP and just want to download it, simply click this link: http://www.spybot.info/en/mirrors/index.html and hit any of the "Download here" buttons. Install these programs and run them one at a time as neither program catches everything but using both will and they will leave your computer running as fast as it did when you first purchased it. Be sure to run these programs at least once a week and always update the software to ensure you are using the latest malware definitions. Also please use this software after visiting shifty websites including pornographic sites and illegal torrent sites or key generators as these are notorious for being loaded with spyware and malware and even crazy dial-up programs. Adaware and Spybot will catch all of these for you in a matter of seconds. Either you have a virus or you don't. Since you don't please check your malware status before worrying more about your antivirus programs. [not4me]
Thank you for going to the trouble to explain and list the different links that may help with the computer speed. I will check it out. [hopeful28]
well if u want total security, then i suggest u buy kaspersky! its awesome and it just doesnt allow a single virus to enter your system!! usually for me, my computer crashes every 2 weeks... its been 3 months now after i installed kaspersky and its still keeping my computer bug-free! so i suggest that once your norton anti-virus expires, u buy kaspersky! well about keeping 2 anti-virus on at the same time, i havent done this part ever! it has a slight disadvantage as you need to have a huge memory capacity for this!! norton itself takes a lot of your memory...so an additional anti-virus is gonna screw u up! [nishanity]
Thank you, what you say makes sense. One antivirus program is already taking up alot of memory space, so if I install another one I dare not imagine what the speed will be like. Really appreciate your input. [hopeful28]
If you keep Nortons regularly updated you shouldn't have a problem. You could have all the antivirus programs in the world on your computer and there would still be a chance that you would get a virus. Especially when new viruses are born with no antidote yet. As much as people want to bag Nortons - it still does an ok job! If it didn't then people wouldn't buy it!! I personally use Avast and have no problems with it. If you decide to add another program to your computer you will find that it will run a lot slower ... and also you may find that you let more viruses in as a lot of antivirus software isn't too friendly with "competition". [Sasselle]
Thanks, if speed weren't an issue here, I probably would stick to norton. [hopeful28]
i have norton and avg on my laptop becase i to have the older version of norton and wasnt sure how good of a job it was doing so i did a little research and found while it may cause problems it is usually only with the firewall on norton but it hasnt given me any problems and ive had them both for a few months now the biggest problem i have is duplicate messages one from norton and one from avg which isnt a problem at all it only takes me 5 extra seconds to hit ok i run a virus scan with each on once a week on different days though so while i am not a norton or avg tech adviser i have both and havent had any problems with this! [RobbPell]
i have over 5 on my computer i am running avest-adware- avest antivirus and symnrt all in 1 go, pc is fine, but my pc is slow, but that is because i have so much rubbish on my computer, ahh thats good u just given me an idea for my next discussion thank you [sweetrosemary]
Lol, you are the second person so far who have more than one antivirus running in your system. Maybe it is which programs are being installed together. If the match is wrong then it may cause problems. Glad to give you an idea for your next discussion though! [hopeful28]
first at all, use Avast antivirus cause it works a lot better than norton having more than one antivirus program running in your system may cause some issues with the register and they may block each other which can result in a major security issue since you wont have any of them working 100% uninstall the norton antivirus, sorry to hear you paid that piece of s*** but avast is way better than that and its free! [makatron]
I hated Norton; it didn't do anything for my virus problem. Go with AVG, it works pretty well for me. [Xanatos390]
I wouldn't recommend having two of them running at the same time. They can cause conflict with each other and your whole computer may be like it doesn't have a antivirus. [cowboyzfan]
i think better it's you only have 1 anti-virus not 2 because they can make problem so choose between avast or avg [Aloeli]
nortons does not do a thorough job any more, unfortunately! On my customer's computers, I prefer AVG ... you might want to disable Norton's, run a thorough scan with AVG and then uninstall AVG before you allow Norton's to run again ...I've never had a problem with that. and when your norton's expires, I'd fire it completely ...well no, that's not true..I'd fire it immediately, but it sounds like you don't want to do that. [flitcsa]
Yes, I will prefer to wait till my norton expires before installing some other antivirus program if I can't install another one to run with the norton. Thanks for your input. [hopeful28]
I think is good but in my computer I just use one anti virus , I am used norton [greggysch]
I don't think it's a good idea to have more than one antivirus software installed in your computer. It will increase the likeliness of system crashes. I've never installed more than one antivirus software though, one is just enough for me. You should consider in keeping the one you have right now, don't think of installing the other one except if you're going to uninstall it. [jhartana]
Thank you, I am considering doing that. I will have to uninstall one before thinking of installing another. [hopeful28]
You can keep 2 anti virus s/w in a computer with some precautions. Only one anti virus should be started automatically on booting and only one real time scanning is running. If more than one run at same time both of them will try to access the files we are using, and they may suspect each other. So put only one active, and when you suspect you can run the other anti-virus manually and check it again It is advised to update virus definitions once or twice in two weeks. Norton anti virus usually take controll of all system resources and reduce 40% efficiency, other free antiviruses like avast or Avira Anivir are small but good. But Only norton do better repair, all others are not much able to do repair, they can detect but they may delete the infected file, I suggest you to use Avast or Avira antivir personel edition. [shajahan81]
I have taken down all the different antivirus programs that have been suggested in the responses. Will check it out before deciding. Thank you for your input. [hopeful28]
Not really, especially if both of them are running in the background. They will just hog your resources and slow the computer down. Norton is pretty good but like I said it tends to use too much system resources. You can actually try turning off its background scan if you are not online. It is better to do a regular scan of the computer manually. You do not have to install AVG or AVAST since Norton is already there. They actually have the same capacity to detect malicious programs. Just remember to always scan any file you download before opening it and do not open spam e-mails. Keep all programs updated especially Norton's virus database. [kumiko17]
Since the influx of all the viruses I have been careful to scan programs and emails before opening or downloading it. So far, norton is doing a fine job except for the speed. [hopeful28]
I have done running two anti virus programs and it was disastrous and even it juggled up other programs on the computer. [alchemistrx]
Its not feasible to have 2 antivirus installed on 1 pc. Because u see it will reduce processing speed of your processor also it reduces booting speed of pc . Other disadvantage is that 1 antivirus files may corrupt other antivirus program files.I will suggest u to use any other antivirus like mcafee,panda, quick heal or avg. Any 1 of these will be sufficient for you. "BUT NEVER USE TWO ANTIVIRUS PROG ON SAME SYSTEM, IT MAY HARM YOUR COMPUTER" [virendraneware]
Thank you for your advice, I will definitely take note of this. [hopeful28]
i have an experience in having 2 antivirus program(norton and another antivirus, i forget the name) and when i turn on my pc, it takes half an hour just for windows log in. it suck [yakabe]
I am using only norton now and it also takes a very long time to start up and the running speed is slow too. Sigh. [hopeful28]
It`s depends of the programs. If you have norton you can't donwload kyspersky because they will fight in you computer and you may need to format the hard drive. If you want to you can download ad-aware I am 100% that there will no be a problem between norton and ad aware. Now I don't have any antivirus and I have no problem with my computer. Here is what I thing. If you know where are you going on internet or if you know what you do with your e-mail you don't need any antivirus. And that`s what I just did in 2005 I have two formats for 1 month. From there to know I haven't format my hard disk because I just know where I am going on internet and I am really careful if I search in google or yahoo. [ralevi]
I don't know enough about which sites to avoid while surfing to feel safe about not having an antivirus. It is only my incoming emails that I feel safer because I don't open those mails which I don't recognise. [hopeful28]
I had norton and wasn't crazy about it. I now have avg and it's great. I wouldn't keep norton, just keep the avg, that's all you need is one anti-virus program. Good luck!! [ally555]
Never ever do that. every antivirus is a virus for others.so they will clash in this battle your system will face the consequences.It will become damn slow.And good that you asked before doing it.Also nortan is quite good if you have purchased then you can just update the patches from time to time.No need to go anywhere else. By the way I am a computer engineer .So you can rely on me. http://www.earnwhileyoulearn.co.nr [earnwhilelearn]
no, you can not install 2 anti-virus in 1 pc. in my own opinion, i think norton is the best. ive been using norton since ive start using computer. once i've tried avg b'coz my norton expired and i'm not able to renew it,b4 but it cant clean all viruses.so i return to norton. 1 promlem i encounter with norton... it really slow down your pc. a friend told me the reason is that norton really check all files & softwares running in your pc thats why it slows down your pc. hope this help you. [dieselpilya]
hey runing 2 virus will not affect ur system but it reduces the speed of ur computer while using ur net.. [hiddenheartin]
I've heard and seen on many websites that it is not a good idea to have more than one anti-virus program running on your computer at the same time, but I don't know why. Whenever I've gone to a website to download anto-virus software, it always says to delete any other anti virus softoware before installing the new one because they will conflict. Hope it helped! [dabom1324]
I've tried that already and my two anti virus program gets complicated. The outcome was I have to reformat my computer. based on my experience, It is not advisable to install to programs at a time specially anti virus protection function. And of course two anti virus will cause too much memory usage. The result, poor performance of your system as a whole. better stick to one anti virus program and chose whats the best for you. [ericjohn19]
I haven't tried that combination or even norton itself. I use a combination of mcafee and spybot search and destroy. No major problems with that combination and I haven't had a serious virus infection. [wisedragon]
It's posible to run two antivirus for your system but you can not do this without tweaking it and if success your system will run so slowly because of running out resources (memory for instance). Maybe I have a better idea. In one PC, you can install "DeepFreez" instead of antivirus. With DeepFreez you can freez your drive so it will back to original setting and original content if you restart the PC. [zetta290371]
in my opinion, it's better if we are only install 1 antivirus on computer,install more than 1 antivirus may make your computer more slower, use 1 antivirus and keep update per week or month [mad_ihsan]
See dont install more than one antivirus otherwise they will conflict with each other & may harm your computer.... Pls take light antivirus that have firewall as well as antispyware... [jeetanjaria]
I have installed just one antivirus on my pc, then once a week i scan the hole pc with an online antivirus wich is very good. But installing two antiviruses i think ca be dangerous because they can provoke a king of internal conflict because both try to do the same things and the pc goes very very slowly [marina1981]
I have tried to run 2 antivirus at once (Norton and AVG) and my computer couldnt handle it. Computer only supports one antivirus at a time... [gemini_gal]
no, u cant run two antivirus on the same system at the same time. I've tried this and it results in BSODs( Blue Screens of Deaths ). I did it for the purpose of antivirus testing during my training. Each antivirus contains its own filter driver and normally the filter drivers are not compatible with each other. Also these are very strong softwares and thus results in creation of a dump file called memory.dmp. Thus we cannot install 2 antivirus at the same time. The 2nd antivirus can be installed only when we uninstall the 1st one. [091185]
I think its not good idea to run 2 anti virus softwares on same system...and the second thing is ur system becomes damn slow.. [sunilkonda]
running to diferent anti virus on ur pc is a good ideal . one is good 2 is better [leonardakpaniwo]
Running two anti-viruses is as bad as having none at all, one cancels the other out. I had Norton internet security 2004 and it was terrible, it was as bad as actually having a virus on my PC. I don't know if the 2006 version is any improvement but I doubt it. I now use use Avast and it's great. If you want to use another anti-virus you should definitely uninstall Norton first. It's a pity you paid a years subscription for it:( You could try downloading a program called a-squared free. As the name implies, it's free:) It's not an anti-virus as such so it won't effect your other anti-virus. It's very good at finding trojans and worms that other programs don't find. You can download it here - http://www.emsisoft.com/en/software/free [crispeater]
Thanks for the link. I am trying to gather as much useful information as possible beforer deciding what to do. [hopeful28]
I have done this in the past by having two antivirus programs on the computer but feel that having two will slow down your computer greatly plus there could be some software conflicts with each other as well which could do more harm. I just use on antivirus program and that is McAfee as it has worked very well and picks up all the viruses that have come my way. [kgwat70]
as far as i know two anti virus programmes on your computer will lead to one of them conflicting with another and can damage your system as well as giving a false reading. blessed be [ESKARENA1]
I wouldn't suggest running two anti-virus programs at the same time. If they conflict with each other you will have more trouble than what it would be worth. So i would choose.. One or the other.. I find Trend Micro fantastic! [sweetee]
I ran Norton and AVG for 6 months together - never had any problems but although I kept both updated the same AVG stopped a bunch of virus' and Norton didn't do anything but slow my computer down - needless to say, I've been running AVG for the last 3 years and only time I've gotten a virus was when my dear sweet son turned AVG off...for that reason he's not allowed to use my new computer. LOL speaking of - AVG is updating this very minute. [byfaithonly]
I am so tempted to throw the whole works out except that I am now strapped for cash and have to think twice before getting a new computer with more memory space. And you are right about norton - I will probably stop my subscription after it ends in October. Can't imagine having to suffer for so many more months! [hopeful28]
there could be some problems with that. one virus scan is enough. for me im using avg. one virus scan slows down the computer. 2 virus scanners would be worse and would give more complications. [kuyafish]
you can use more than one anti-virus software to yours system but its can affect your system process for example your system loading such as windows loading will be slow and also can affect yours virtual memory [yiemega]
I am only using norton but I'm still not sure if it is the main culprit for slowing down my system. Everything is slow - starting up, surfing and even shutting down. [hopeful28]
hi i think it's not good to install 2 antivirus thay dont work good togather have a nice day [alonaz]
i am not used to having two or more antivirus programmes on my pc because they will fight against each other..they will end into a conflict I mean...so I think you'd better choose the one you prefer and use one and only...of course you have to update the programme as soon as possible...this is of much help.... [maribea]
you could be begging for conflicts if you run more than one antivirus on one operating system. you should at least disable the one before running the other. www.avast.com is free. [CraftyCorner]
It's not good to have 2 or many antiviruses on your pc,I advice you to install nod32 and you'll not regret ;) [Mariusxzoner]
I think there is no risk in the running to antivirus in one computer but he has one problem which you can face and is the performance factor of your computer because the two antivirus will utilise a lot of system resources which will slow down your computer and it may also happened that because of contracting registries in a computer may behave weirdly. I think it is best to go for a single antivirus with a firewall and not to antivirus. And I always feel that Norton is not a very good antivirus when it comes to performance of the computer because it uses a lot of system resources and slows down your computer. I would rather go for any free version of antivirus as they have a lot of of dates available every day and they are very good in detecting providers like I came using avg and I am very much pleased with the performance of it. [amitavroy]
noo...dont do that!! the 2 programes will oly repel each other...n there by ...none wud work n might even leave ur pc spoiled!! i knw as im a programmer!!! its like havn 2 wifez.....they ll sqibble all day long..findin faults in each otha...n repelling each other....n thereby...gettin absolutely no work done in the end!! i use Avast Anti-virus now!! its amazing...its an intense scanner...that doesnt let the adwares and viruses even peek 2wards ur computer!! i had norton before...but my laptop started becoming slower n slower day by day! it always showed ' no virus,adware on your computer' every tym i performed a scan!! but when i loaded the Avast A-V...it detected 3 adwares...and that too in the windowz file ((it had managed to instal itself there!) imagine the damage tht cud hav happened!! nyway....after that i havnt even looked twice at nortan!! and im very proud of avast!!^_^ [freezingfev]
Thank you for your warning! I appreciate people who share from their own experiences. I am considering asking a computer expert to come and evaluate my computer to see if he can do something about the slow running of my computer. I am not sure if it is because I am running out of memory and also need a video card with a bigger memory too. [hopeful28]
as far as i know, using more than one antivirus package on your computer causes conflict and may render both of them unusable. I have also heard that it can damage your computer blessed be [ESKARENA1]
Hi there. I don't think that runnig 2 different anti-virus softwares on one computer is a good choice, because there must be some conflicts between the two anti-virus softwares. I had tried this before, when I ran each of them alone, it was ok for all cases, but if I ran both of them, they both didn't work well, and they took the files of anti-virus softwares for viruses each other, so I had to uninstall one of them to keep the other one working well for my computer. So must not do this, in my opinion. [alen0224]
Its not a good idea to run more than one antivirus on a single system.There will be compatibility problem if you do so.The coputer system will run smoothly if you remove one of the antivirus.I will suggest you to uninstall norton antivirus and keep the avg on the system as norton gives lots of problem.I used to use norton antivirus but left it because it was giving a lot of problem.It was not even getting uninstalled and if at all it gets uninstalled it was not allowing me to use my intenet connection.It was closing the ports on my system.Now i am running trend micro office scan.Its a good one.I like it more than norton antivirus. [sahyd2don]
All you need is AVAST. Forget the other ones. AVAST is free,(if you are not a business) and updates come every day. It is so nice that the man who developed it dedicated this to his wife. [crystalball]
Yes 2 antiviruses may run and it will slow down your pc.I recommend you Its better to use one antivirus at a time because both antiviruses may interrupt each other. You should also a bigger ram memory and upgraded processor to function properly. [adnan123]
Mcafee and Norton provide a similar level of protection against unwanted threats and are similarly priced, but there are a couple of significant differences. If you want additional features, McAfee Internet Security Suite 9.0 provides just about everything you need, especially if parental controls are a major concern. However, installation was needlessly complex – many of these features have to be downloaded – and for performance and core components, Norton Internet Security 2007 is much more effective. [hiddenidentity]
Hi hopeful28, nope, you cannot install two-real time protection antivirus softwares as this would cause some conflicts to your machine. I suggest that you use at least one antivirus per machine, so that your computer will run smoothly and safely. Norton does use a lot of memory. If you have many applications installed in your machine plus the Norton antivirus, then your machine will slow down tremendously. Norton is a hog resources, that is why it is not recommended to use when your SD-RAM is low. I suggest that you use some antivirus that does not eat a lot of memory. That's it. Have a nice day and God speed! [braveheart07]